En este tutorial vamos a aprender a crear una API REST CRUD usando Django Rest Framework y la base de datos MySQL. Crearemos una API REST que desarrolle las peticiones CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) usando el Framework Backend de Python Django.
1 – Crear entorno virtual
python -m venv venv
Activar
#windows venv\Scripts\activate.bat #linux or mac source venv/bin/activate
2 – Instalar Django
pip install django djangorestframework
3 – Iniciar proyecto
django-admin startproject tutofox cd tutofox
4 – Instalar PostgreSQL
pip install psycopg2
Configurar conexión
tutofox\settings.py
...
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'tutofox',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': '12345',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '5432',
}
}
...5 – Migrate
python manage.py migrate
6 – Crear app
django-admin startapp person
Configurar app
tutofox\settings.py
...
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'rest_framework',
'person'
]
...7 – Model
person\models.py
from django.db import models
class PersonModel(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
address = models.TextField()
phone = models.BigIntegerField()
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Meta:
db_table = "person"
ordering = ['-created_at']8 – Serialize
person\serializers.py
from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer
from person.models import PersonModel
class PersonSerializer(ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = PersonModel
fields = ['id', 'name', 'address', 'phone']
#fields = '__all__'9 – Views
person\views.py
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from person.models import PersonModel
from person.serializers import PersonSerializer
class PersonApiView(APIView):
def get(self, request):
serializer = PersonSerializer(PersonModel.objects.all(), many=True)
return Response(status=status.HTTP_200_OK, data=serializer.data)
def post(self, request):
#res = request.data.get('name')
serializer = PersonSerializer(data=request.data)
serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
serializer.save()
return Response(status=status.HTTP_200_OK, data=serializer.data)
class PersonApiViewDetail(APIView):
def get_object(self, pk):
try:
return PersonModel.objects.get(pk=pk)
except PersonModel.DoesNotExist:
return None
def get(self, request, id):
post = self.get_object(id)
serializer = PersonSerializer(post)
return Response(status=status.HTTP_200_OK, data=serializer.data)
def put(self, request, id):
post = self.get_object(id)
if(post==None):
return Response(status=status.HTTP_200_OK, data={ 'error': 'Not found data'})
serializer = PersonSerializer(post, data=request.data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response(status=status.HTTP_200_OK, data=serializer.data)
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
def delete(self, request, id):
post = self.get_object(id)
post.delete()
response = { 'deleted': True }
return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT, data=response)
9 – Urls
person\urls.py
from django.urls import path
from person.views import PersonApiView, PersonApiViewDetail
urlpatterns_persons = [
path('v1/persons', PersonApiView.as_view()),
path('v1/persons/<int:id>', PersonApiViewDetail.as_view()),
]tutofox\urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from person.urls import urlpatterns_persons
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('api/', include(urlpatterns_persons)),
]10 – Start API Server
python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate python manage.py runserver
